Understanding cabling, MIDI and Analog audio routing

Understanding MIDI Connections and Audio Signal Flow

Introduction

In this lesson, we'll explore how various music equipment is interconnected and how signals are transmitted between them.

Controllers

• Devices Used: Push and Vestax
• Connection Type: USB Cable
• Function: Transmitting and receiving MIDI information from Ableton Live.

Drum Machines and Synthesizers

The connections for the drum machines and synthesizers are more complex:

• NORD Synthesizer:

  • Connection Type: Five-pin MIDI Cable
  • Note: This older device transmits MIDI information similarly to USB, but it predates USB adoption.

• Electron Analog:

  • Connection Status: No MIDI cable connected.
  • Function: Has USB capabilities, allowing MIDI transmission and reception via a single USB lead.

Signal Flow

1. MIDI Note Information:

   • In Ableton Live, a series of clips containing MIDI note information is set up.
   • This information is sent via USB to the MIDI breakout box.

2. Transmission to NORD:

   • A cable connects the MIDI breakout box to the NORD synthesizer.
   • The MIDI notes define:
     • What note to play
     • Duration of the note
     • Velocity of the note

3. Sound Generation:

   • The NORD synthesizer generates sound as a result of the MIDI information.
   • This sound is sent out through one of its audio outputs.

4. Audio Return:

   • The audio travels back along a cable into one of the four audio inputs on the sound card.

Summary of Signal Flow:

• MIDI Information:

  • Coming out of Ableton Live through USB.
  • Transmitted to the MIDI breakout box.
  • Sent to various drum machines and synths.

• Audio Outputs:

  • Each drum machine and synthesizer has an audio output.
  • These outputs connect to the sound card inputs (1, 2, 3, and 4).

Additional Connections

• The four audio outputs from the sound card send audio to:

  • Speakers in the room
  • Recording devices

• If performing live, these outputs would go to monitors or an in-house PA system.

• FireWire Cable:

  • Connects the sound card to the laptop.

• USB Hub:

  • Provides additional USB connectivity.

Conclusion

Both MIDI and audio signals are essential for a seamless workflow in music production. All signals converge in Ableton Live, where you can mix and apply effects using the controls available.